cs-english-words

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cs-english-words

December 28, 2020

a

association
a connection or cooperative link between people or organizations
allot
to assign as a share or portion
ad-hoc
An ad hoc activity or organization is done or formed only because a situation has made it necessary and is not planned in advance.Ad hoc is a word that originally comes from Latin and means “for this” or "for this situation." In current American English it is used to describe something that has been formed or used for a special and immediate purpose, without previous planning. 比如 shell 可以直接执行一次性的命令，这就是 ad-hoc，也可以提前写好 bash 脚本可以反复多次执行，这就是提前计划好的。Ad hoc can be used as an adjective or an adverb.
at the discretion of
由 … 决定，由 … 自行处理。自由裁量权。哈哈哈。比如 object 怎样回收由 gc 具体实现决定。向线程池 submit 的 command 怎么执行, 由具体的 executor 实现来决定。
ASAP
as soon as possible 尽快
authoritative
Someone or something that is authoritative has a lot of knowledge of a particular subject. 比如 authoritative DNS server 是知道相关 domain 的 resource record 的。给你的信息是可以无脑相信的。😄
archive
The archive or archives are a collection of documents and records that contain historical information. You can also use archives to refer to the place where archives are stored. 包含历史信息，如 oracle 的 archived redo log.
abstraction
An abstraction is a general idea rather than one relating to a particular object, person, or situation. 通用的概念，和特定的物体、人、情况无关。
agent
An agent acts on your behalf,
abundant
Something that is abundant is present in large quantities. 大量的
approximation
An approximation is a fact, object, or description which is similar to something else, but which is not exactly the same. 近似
acquire
If you acquire something, you buy or obtain it for yourself, or someone gives it to you.
await
及物动词，后跟无生命的事物，消息，等待特定的东西。conditionObject 的 await 等待满足特定的条件 They are awaiting the outcome of the investigation.
alignment
The alignment of something is its position in relation to something else or to its correct position. 相对于某物的位置或者当前的位置

b

bypass
bound
Bounds are limits which normally restrict what can happen or what people can do.
base
The base of something is its lowest edge or part. same as bottom
backlog
A backlog is a number of things which have not yet been done but which need to be done. 积压的工作量
backup
If you have something such as a second piece of equipment or set of plans as backup, you have arranged for them to be available for use in case the first one does not work. 一个完蛋后，另一个可以无缝顶上。
broker
A broker is a person whose job is to buy and sell shares, foreign money, or goods for other people. 对于消息中间件就是从 producer 买消息，卖给 consumer。🐶
barge
If you barge into a place or barge through it, you rush or push into it in a rough and rude way. 横冲直撞，非公平锁，获取时上来就 casState

c

context
the circumstances that form the setting for an event, statement, or idea, and in terms of which it can be fully understood and asserted.
cardinality
the number of elements in a given mathematical set 给定集合的元素数量
compound
Compound is used to indicate that something consists of two or more parts or things.
consensus
A consensus is general agreement among a group of people. 一群人达成的协议。共识。
coalesce
If two or more things coalesce, they come together and form a larger group or system. 合并
counterbalance
To counterbalance something means to balance or correct it with something that has an equal but opposite effect 相等但是有相反作用的
compulsory
If something is compulsory, you must do it or accept it, because it is the law or because someone in a position of authority says you must.

d

domain
an area of territory owned or controlled by a ruler or government.
durable
Something that is durable is strong and lasts a long time without breaking or becoming weaker
discretion
If someone in a position of authority uses their discretion or has the discretion to do something in a particular situation, they have the freedom and authority to decide what to do. 自由裁量权。没有规范的情况下，由有权威的人进行"圣裁"。
delegation
A delegation is a group of people who have been sent somewhere to have talks with other people on behalf of a larger group of people. 代表更大集团的一个和其他人交流的小集团
defer
If you defer an event or action, you arrange for it to happen at a later date, rather than immediately or at the previously planned time. 延迟到将来发生的事情
dedicated
You use dedicated to describe something that is made, built, or designed for one particular purpose or thing. 专用

e

eligible
qualified to participate or be chosen
exception
An exception is a particular thing, person, or situation that is not included in a general statement, judgment, or rule.
entity
An entity is something that exists separately from other things and has a clear identity of its own. 独立有清晰标识的东西
ephemeral
If you describe something as ephemeral, you mean that it lasts only for a very short time. 只持续较短时间的东西。短暂的。
exclusive
If two things are mutually exclusive, they are separate and very different from each other, so that it is impossible for them to exist or happen together. 不可共存
efficiency
Efficiency is the quality of being able to do a task successfully, without wasting time or energy. 何谓效率？不浪费时间或能量。
entry
An entry in a diary, account book, computer file, or reference book is a short piece of writing in it.
evict
If someone is evicted from the place where they are living, they are forced to leave it, usually because they have broken a law or contract. 驱逐

f

failover
The designed ability of a server, network or other computer system to switch over automatically to a redundant or standby system in order to avoid loss of access in the event of a failure of the primary system.
fallback
Someone’s fallback position is what they will do if their plans do not succeed, or if something unexpected happens.
field
A field is an area of a computer's memory or a program where data can be entered, edited, or stored.
factor out
分解
fragemented
If something fragments or is fragmented, it breaks or separates into small pieces or parts. 碎片化
flexible
Something or someone that is flexible is able to change easily and adapt to different conditions and circumstances as they occur.

g

gateway
a gateway converts between protocols

h

handle
A handle is the part of an object such as a tool, bag, or cup that you hold in order to be able to pick up and use the object.
heap
A heap of things is a pile of them, especially a pile arranged in a rather untidy way. 不规整放置的东西

i

independent
not connected with another or with each other; separate 互不关联，分离的 If one thing or person is independent of another, they are separate and not connected, so the first one is not affected or influenced by the second.
integrity
The integrity of something such as a group of people or a text is its state of being a united whole. 完整性
interpose
If you interpose something between two people or things, you place it between them. 将 … 置于两者之间，中间层。
inherent
The inherent qualities of something are the necessary and natural parts of it. 天生就有的。资本一出生就带着…
i.e.
i.e .is used to introduce a word or sentence which makes what you have just said clearer or gives details. 即是,进一步解释清楚
interface
The interface between two subjects or systems is the area in which they affect each other or have links with each other. 两个之间的东西，那可不就是中间层么？
immense
If you describe something as immense, you mean that it is extremely large or great.
interfere
If you say that someone interferes in a situation, you mean they get involved in it although it does not concern them and their involvement is not wanted. 干涉
inbound
An inbound flight is one that is arriving from another place. 入站的。反之 outbound。

j

k

l

lifetime
A lifetime is the length of time that someone is alive. 某人活着的时间，也就是享年多久。 The lifetime of a particular thing is the period of time that it lasts. 某事物存在的时长。
leave options open 暂不决定

m

majority
The majority of people or things in a group is more than half of them. 什么是 majority。超过一半的人/事物才叫 majority。zookeeper cluster 推荐 server 数量奇数。
mediator
a person or an organization that tries to get agreement between people or groups who disagree with each other 多方势力之间的调停者

n

o

overhead

额外的费用、消耗

on the fly

If you do something on the fly, you do it quickly without thinking about it or planning it in advance, especially while something else is happening. 没有提前计划做事情或者不假思索做事情

overlap

If one thing overlaps another, or if you overlap them, a part of the first thing occupies the same area as a part of the other thing. You can also say that two things overlap. 空间上重叠

outstanding

Outstanding issues or problems have not yet been resolved. 还没完成的、还没解决的。若用 tcp 确认机制，就是 unacknowledged 的包。

offset
If one thing is offset by another, the effect of the first thing is reduced by the second, so that any advantage or disadvantage is cancelled out. 抵消 Refers to the distance between a base address (starting memory location) and a specific address
object
An object is anything that has a fixed shape or form, that you can touch or see, and that is not alive. 可触或可见的非生命体

p

precedence
the condition of being considered more important than someone or something else; priority in importance, order, or rank. 优先级
parenthesis
括号
preemptive
serving or intended to preempt or forestall something, especially to prevent attack by disabling the enemy.
populate
to provide with members 对象填充成员属性
parameter
Parameters are factors or limits which affect the way that something can be done or made.
proxy
A proxy is a person or thing that is acting or being used in the place of someone or something else.
payload
The payload of an aircraft or spacecraft is the amount or weight of things or people that it is carrying.
proceed
If you proceed to do something, you do it, often after doing something else first. 先做完一件事，接着做另一件事。
pending
If something is done pending a future event, it is done until that event happens.
post-
Post- is used to form words that indicate that something takes place after a particular date, period, or event.
pre-
Pre- is used to form words that indicate that something takes place before a particular date, period, or event.
per se
Per se means ‘by itself’ or ‘in itself’, and is used when you are talking about the qualities of one thing considered on its own, rather than in connection with other things. 本身，本质上
permissible
If something is permissible, it is considered to be acceptable because it does not break any laws or rules. 不违反法律和规则即为允许的
proxy
a proxy emulates a service provided by a server that is not contacted directly by the client itself
respectively
Respectively means in the same order as the items that you have just mentioned. 和刚刚提到过的保持一致的顺序。相应地
premise
a premise is something that you suppose is true and that you use as a basis for developing an idea. 前提
privileged
Someone who is privileged has an advantage or opportunity that most other people do not have, often because of their wealth or high social class. 特权
pile
A pile of things is a quantity of things that have been put neatly somewhere so that each thing is on top of the one below. 一个摞一个 stack
portion
A portion of something is a part of it.
possession
If you are in possession of something, you have it, because you have obtained it or because it belongs to you. 占有
pivot
The pivot in a situation is the most important thing which everything else is based on or arranged around. 中枢

q

r

relinquish
to stop having sth, especially when this happens unwillingly 抢占式调度，timer 定时中断，time slice 用完，必须让出 CPU。 voluntarily cease to keep or claim; give up. 自愿放弃 to give over possession or control of : YIELD 放弃控制
reference
A reference is something such as a number or a name that tells you where you can obtain the information you want. 能从中获取信息的东西，隔一层。you->reference->info
routine
A routine is a computer program, or part of a program, that performs a specific function.

s

sparse
thinly dispersed or scattered, 稀疏的 Something that is sparse is small in number or amount and spread out over an area.
slot
a long, narrow aperture or slit in a machine for something to be inserted an allotted place in a arrangement or plan such as a broadcasting schedule.(安排或计划中分配的位置)
sandbox
A sandbox is a place on a computer system where an untrusted program can be run without affecting other parts of the system.
suspend
If you suspend something, you delay it or stop it from happening for a while or until a decision is made about it. 最著名的例子就是进程 suspend，之后 scheduler 再 decide 是不是再次运行。
shard
Shards are pieces of broken glass, pottery, or metal. fragement,piece 一片，想象一下把一整块玻璃打碎，分成多个碎片，scale out..
standby
A standby is something or someone that is always ready to be used if they are needed.
segment
A segment of something is one part of it, considered separately from the rest. 整体的一部分，分段，和余下的部分分开的。
split
If something splits or if you split it, it is divided into two or more parts.
segregate
To segregate two groups of people or things means to keep them physically apart from each other.
surrogate

You use surrogate to describe a person or thing that is given a particular role because the person or thing that should have the role is not available. 代理

sweep

If someone makes a sweep of a place, they search it, usually because they are looking for people who are hiding or for an illegal activity. 搜寻，扫荡 If lights or someone’s eyes sweep an area, they move across the area from side to side. 磁盘的调度算法之 elevator(SCAN/C-SCAN) 从最内部向最外部(反之亦可)的磁道扫描

scatter
If you scatter things over an area, you throw or drop them so that they spread all over the area.
submission
The submission of a proposal, report, or other document is the act of formally sending it to someone, so that they can consider it or decide about it. 提交

t

ternary
composed of three parts 三元
trade-off
balance achieved between two desirable but incompatible features; balancing of factors all of which are not attainable at the same time 平衡两个互不兼容的特性，妥协
trade off
If you trade off one thing against another, you exchange all or part of one thing for another, as part of a negotiation or compromise. 以 … 换取
traid / triplet
ticket
a certificate or token showing that a fare or admission fee has been paid 票
tuple

computing a row of values in a relational database 关系型数据库中的一行就是 tuple

transient

Transient is used to describe a situation that lasts only a short time or is constantly changing. 持续时间很短或者一直在变化的情况，和 persistent 相反

transition
Transition is the process in which something changes from one state to another. 一个状态变成另一个状态, 这是什么? 这就是状态机。
trap
A trap is a device which is placed somewhere or a hole which is dug somewhere in order to catch animals or birds.

u

v

virtualize
To virtualize means to take something of one form and make it appear to be another form. 这不就是 transformer 🤣

w

wait
When you wait for something or someone, you spend some time doing very little, because you cannot act until that thing happens or that person arrives 在等待的事情或者人到达之前无法行动，这就是等待

x

y

yield If you yield something that you have control of or responsibility for, you allow someone else to have control or responsibility for it 自愿让出

z

Last updated on August 12, 2025

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